QRコード

QRコードとは、1994年にデンソーの開発部門（現在は分離しデンソーウェーブ）が開発したマトリックス型二次元コードである。白と黒の格子状のパターンで情報を表す。なお、QRコードという名称（および単語）はデンソーウェーブの登録商標^[1]（第4075066号）である。

QRはQuick Responseに由来し、高速読み取りができるように開発された。当初は自動車部品工場や配送センターなどでの使用を念頭に開発されたが、現在では主に日本で広く普及している。

<?php

/*

#

# QRcode image PHP scripts  version 0.50i (C)2000-2009,Y.Swetake

#

#

#  This program outputs a png image of "QRcode model 2". 

#  You cannot use a several functions of QRcode in this version. 

#  See README.txt .

#

#  This version supports QRcode model2 version 1-40.

#

#

#  This program requires PHP4.1 and gd 1.6 or higher.

#

#  You must set $path & $image_path the path to QRcode data file.

#

#

# [useage]

#   qr_img.php?d=[data]&e=[(L,M,Q,H)]&s=[int]&v=[(1-40)]

#             (&m=[(1-16)]&n=[(2-16)](&p=[(0-255)],&o=[data]))

#

#   d= data         URL encoded data.

#   e= ECC level    L or M or Q or H   (default M)

#   s= module size  (dafault PNG:4 JPEG:8)

#   v= version      1-40 or Auto select if you do not set.

#   t= image type   J:jpeg image , other: PNG image

#

#  structured append  m of n (experimental)

#   n= structure append n (2-16)

#   m= structure append m (1-16)

#   p= parity

#   o= original data (URL encoded data)  for calculating parity

#

#

#

# THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY Y.Swetake ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR

# IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES

# OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED.

# IN NO EVENT SHALL Y.Swetake OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,

# INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES 

# (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES;

# LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)  HOWEVER CAUSED 

# AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,

# OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE

# USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

#

*/

/* ------ setting area ------ */

$path="./../data";           /* You must set path to data files. */

$image_path="./../image";    /* You must set path to QRcode frame images. */

$version_ul=40;              /* upper limit for version  */  

/* ------ setting area end ------ */

$qrcode_data_string=@$_GET["d"];

$qrcode_error_correct=@$_GET["e"];

$qrcode_module_size=@$_GET["s"];

$qrcode_version=@$_GET["v"];

$qrcode_image_type=@$_GET["t"];

$qrcode_structureappend_n=@$_GET["n"];

$qrcode_structureappend_m=@$_GET["m"];

$qrcode_structureappend_parity=@$_GET["p"];

$qrcode_structureappend_originaldata=@$_GET["o"];

if (($qrcode_image_type=="J")||($qrcode_image_type=="j")){

    $qrcode_image_type="jpeg";

}else {

    $qrcode_image_type="png";

}

if ($qrcode_module_size>0) {

} else {

    if ($qrcode_image_type=="jpeg"){

        $qrcode_module_size=8;

    } else {

        $qrcode_module_size=4;

    }

}

$qrcode_data_string=rawurldecode($qrcode_data_string);

$data_length=strlen($qrcode_data_string);

if ($data_length<=0) {

    trigger_error("QRcode : Data do not exist.",E_USER_ERROR);

    exit;

}

$data_counter=0;

if ($qrcode_structureappend_n>1

 && $qrcode_structureappend_n<=16

 && $qrcode_structureappend_m>0

 && $qrcode_structureqppend_m<=16){

    $data_value[0]=3;

    $data_bits[0]=4;

    $data_value[1]=$qrcode_structureappend_m-1;

    $data_bits[1]=4;

    $data_value[2]=$qrcode_structureappend_n-1;

    $data_bits[2]=4;

    $originaldata_length=strlen($qrcode_structureappend_originaldata);

    if ($originaldata_length>1){

        $qrcode_structureappend_parity=0;

        $i=0;

        while ($i<$originaldata_length){

            $qrcode_structureappend_parity=($qrcode_structureappend_parity ^ ord(substr($qrcode_structureappend_originaldata,$i,1)));

            $i++;

        }

    }

    $data_value[3]=$qrcode_structureappend_parity;

    $data_bits[3]=8;

    $data_counter=4;

}

$data_bits[$data_counter]=4;

/*  --- determine encode mode */

if (preg_match("/[^0-9]/",$qrcode_data_string)!=0){

    if (preg_match("/[^0-9A-Z \$\*\%\+\.\/\:\-]/",$qrcode_data_string)!=0) {

     /*  --- 8bit byte mode */

        $codeword_num_plus=array(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,

8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8);

        $data_value[$data_counter]=4;

        $data_counter++;

        $data_value[$data_counter]=$data_length;

        $data_bits[$data_counter]=8;   /* #version 1-9 */

        $codeword_num_counter_value=$data_counter;

        $data_counter++;

        $i=0;

        while ($i<$data_length){

            $data_value[$data_counter]=ord(substr($qrcode_data_string,$i,1));

            $data_bits[$data_counter]=8;

            $data_counter++;

            $i++;

        }

    } else {

    /* ---- alphanumeric mode */

        $codeword_num_plus=array(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,

4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4);

        $data_value[$data_counter]=2;

        $data_counter++;

        $data_value[$data_counter]=$data_length;

        $data_bits[$data_counter]=9;  /* #version 1-9 */

        $codeword_num_counter_value=$data_counter;

        $alphanumeric_character_hash=array("0"=>0,"1"=>1,"2"=>2,"3"=>3,"4"=>4,

"5"=>5,"6"=>6,"7"=>7,"8"=>8,"9"=>9,"A"=>10,"B"=>11,"C"=>12,"D"=>13,"E"=>14,

"F"=>15,"G"=>16,"H"=>17,"I"=>18,"J"=>19,"K"=>20,"L"=>21,"M"=>22,"N"=>23,

"O"=>24,"P"=>25,"Q"=>26,"R"=>27,"S"=>28,"T"=>29,"U"=>30,"V"=>31,

"W"=>32,"X"=>33,"Y"=>34,"Z"=>35," "=>36,"$"=>37,"%"=>38,"*"=>39,

"+"=>40,"-"=>41,"."=>42,"/"=>43,":"=>44);

        $i=0;

        $data_counter++;

        while ($i<$data_length){

            if (($i %2)==0){

                $data_value[$data_counter]=$alphanumeric_character_hash[substr($qrcode_data_string,$i,1)];

                $data_bits[$data_counter]=6;

            } else {

                $data_value[$data_counter]=$data_value[$data_counter]*45+$alphanumeric_character_hash[substr($qrcode_data_string,$i,1)];

                $data_bits[$data_counter]=11;

                $data_counter++;

            }

            $i++;

        }

    }

} else {

    /* ---- numeric mode */

    $codeword_num_plus=array(0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,

2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,2,

4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4,4);

    $data_value[$data_counter]=1;

    $data_counter++;

    $data_value[$data_counter]=$data_length;

    $data_bits[$data_counter]=10;   /* #version 1-9 */

    $codeword_num_counter_value=$data_counter;

    $i=0;

    $data_counter++;

    while ($i<$data_length){

        if (($i % 3)==0){

            $data_value[$data_counter]=substr($qrcode_data_string,$i,1);

            $data_bits[$data_counter]=4;

        } else {

             $data_value[$data_counter]=$data_value[$data_counter]*10+substr($qrcode_data_string,$i,1);

         if (($i % 3)==1){

             $data_bits[$data_counter]=7;

         } else {

             $data_bits[$data_counter]=10;

             $data_counter++;

         }

        }

        $i++;

    }

}

if (@$data_bits[$data_counter]>0) {

    $data_counter++;

}

$i=0;

$total_data_bits=0;

while($i<$data_counter){

    $total_data_bits+=$data_bits[$i];

    $i++;

}

$ecc_character_hash=array("L"=>"1",

"l"=>"1",

"M"=>"0",

"m"=>"0",

"Q"=>"3",

"q"=>"3",

"H"=>"2",

"h"=>"2");

 $ec=@$ecc_character_hash[$qrcode_error_correct]; 

 if (!$ec){$ec=0;}

$max_data_bits_array=array(

0,128,224,352,512,688,864,992,1232,1456,1728,

2032,2320,2672,2920,3320,3624,4056,4504,5016,5352,

5712,6256,6880,7312,8000,8496,9024,9544,10136,10984,

11640,12328,13048,13800,14496,15312,15936,16816,17728,18672,

152,272,440,640,864,1088,1248,1552,1856,2192,

2592,2960,3424,3688,4184,4712,5176,5768,6360,6888,

7456,8048,8752,9392,10208,10960,11744,12248,13048,13880,

14744,15640,16568,17528,18448,19472,20528,21616,22496,23648,

72,128,208,288,368,480,528,688,800,976,

1120,1264,1440,1576,1784,2024,2264,2504,2728,3080,

3248,3536,3712,4112,4304,4768,5024,5288,5608,5960,

6344,6760,7208,7688,7888,8432,8768,9136,9776,10208,

104,176,272,384,496,608,704,880,1056,1232,

1440,1648,1952,2088,2360,2600,2936,3176,3560,3880,

4096,4544,4912,5312,5744,6032,6464,6968,7288,7880,

8264,8920,9368,9848,10288,10832,11408,12016,12656,13328

);

if (!is_numeric($qrcode_version)){

    $qrcode_version=0;

}

if (!$qrcode_version){

 /* #--- auto version select */

    $i=1+40*$ec;

    $j=$i+39;

    $qrcode_version=1; 

    while ($i<=$j){

        if (($max_data_bits_array[$i])>=$total_data_bits+$codeword_num_plus[$qrcode_version]     ){

            $max_data_bits=$max_data_bits_array[$i];

            break;

        }

     $i++;

     $qrcode_version++;

    }

} else {

     $max_data_bits=$max_data_bits_array[$qrcode_version+40*$ec];

}

if ($qrcode_version>$version_ul){

  trigger_error("QRcode : too large version.",E_USER_ERROR);

}

$total_data_bits+=$codeword_num_plus[$qrcode_version];

    $data_bits[$codeword_num_counter_value]+=$codeword_num_plus[$qrcode_version];

$max_codewords_array=array(0,26,44,70,100,134,172,196,242,

292,346,404,466,532,581,655,733,815,901,991,1085,1156,

1258,1364,1474,1588,1706,1828,1921,2051,2185,2323,2465,

2611,2761,2876,3034,3196,3362,3532,3706);

$max_codewords=$max_codewords_array[$qrcode_version];

$max_modules_1side=17+($qrcode_version <<2);

$matrix_remain_bit=array(0,0,7,7,7,7,7,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,

4,4,4,4,4,4,4,3,3,3,3,3,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0);

/* ---- read version ECC data file */

$byte_num=$matrix_remain_bit[$qrcode_version]+($max_codewords << 3);

$filename=$path."/qrv".$qrcode_version."_".$ec.".dat";

$fp1 = fopen ($filename, "rb");

    $matx=fread($fp1,$byte_num);

    $maty=fread($fp1,$byte_num);

    $masks=fread($fp1,$byte_num);

    $fi_x=fread($fp1,15);

    $fi_y=fread($fp1,15);

    $rs_ecc_codewords=ord(fread($fp1,1));

    $rso=fread($fp1,128);

fclose($fp1);

$matrix_x_array=unpack("C*",$matx);

$matrix_y_array=unpack("C*",$maty);

$mask_array=unpack("C*",$masks);

$rs_block_order=unpack("C*",$rso);

$format_information_x2=unpack("C*",$fi_x);

$format_information_y2=unpack("C*",$fi_y);

$format_information_x1=array(0,1,2,3,4,5,7,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8);

$format_information_y1=array(8,8,8,8,8,8,8,8,7,5,4,3,2,1,0);

$max_data_codewords=($max_data_bits >>3);

$filename = $path."/rsc".$rs_ecc_codewords.".dat";

$fp0 = fopen ($filename, "rb");

$i=0;

while ($i<256) {

    $rs_cal_table_array[$i]=fread ($fp0,$rs_ecc_codewords);

    $i++;

}

fclose ($fp0);

/*  --- set terminator */

if ($total_data_bits<=$max_data_bits-4){

    $data_value[$data_counter]=0;

    $data_bits[$data_counter]=4;

} else {

    if ($total_data_bits<$max_data_bits){

$data_value[$data_counter]=0;

        $data_bits[$data_counter]=$max_data_bits-$total_data_bits;

    } else {

        if ($total_data_bits>$max_data_bits){

   trigger_error("QRcode : Overflow error",E_USER_ERROR);

   exit;

        }

    }

}

/* ----divide data by 8bit */

$i=0;

$codewords_counter=0;

$codewords[0]=0;

$remaining_bits=8;

while ($i<=$data_counter) {

    $buffer=@$data_value[$i];

    $buffer_bits=@$data_bits[$i];

    $flag=1;

    while ($flag) {

        if ($remaining_bits>$buffer_bits){  

            $codewords[$codewords_counter]=((@$codewords[$codewords_counter]<<$buffer_bits) | $buffer);

            $remaining_bits-=$buffer_bits;

            $flag=0;

        } else {

            $buffer_bits-=$remaining_bits;

            $codewords[$codewords_counter]=(($codewords[$codewords_counter] << $remaining_bits) | ($buffer >> $buffer_bits));

            if ($buffer_bits==0) {

                $flag=0;

            } else {

                $buffer= ($buffer & ((1 << $buffer_bits)-1) );

                $flag=1;   

            }

            $codewords_counter++;

            if ($codewords_counter<$max_data_codewords-1){

                $codewords[$codewords_counter]=0;

            }

            $remaining_bits=8;

        }

    }

    $i++;

}

if ($remaining_bits!=8) {

    $codewords[$codewords_counter]=$codewords[$codewords_counter] << $remaining_bits;

} else {

    $codewords_counter--;

}

/* ----  set padding character */

if ($codewords_counter<$max_data_codewords-1){

    $flag=1;

    while ($codewords_counter<$max_data_codewords-1){

        $codewords_counter++;

        if ($flag==1) {

            $codewords[$codewords_counter]=236;

        } else {

            $codewords[$codewords_counter]=17;

        }

        $flag=$flag*(-1);

    }

}

/* ---- RS-ECC prepare */

$i=0;

$j=0;

$rs_block_number=0;

$rs_temp[0]="";

while($i<$max_data_codewords){

    $rs_temp[$rs_block_number].=chr($codewords[$i]);

    $j++;

    if ($j>=$rs_block_order[$rs_block_number+1]-$rs_ecc_codewords){

        $j=0;

        $rs_block_number++;

        $rs_temp[$rs_block_number]="";

    }

    $i++;

}

/*

#

# RS-ECC main

#

*/

$rs_block_number=0;

$rs_block_order_num=count($rs_block_order);

while ($rs_block_number<$rs_block_order_num){

    $rs_codewords=$rs_block_order[$rs_block_number+1];

    $rs_data_codewords=$rs_codewords-$rs_ecc_codewords;

    $rstemp=$rs_temp[$rs_block_number].str_repeat(chr(0),$rs_ecc_codewords);

    $padding_data=str_repeat(chr(0),$rs_data_codewords);

    $j=$rs_data_codewords;

    while($j>0){

        $first=ord(substr($rstemp,0,1));

        if ($first){

            $left_chr=substr($rstemp,1);

            $cal=$rs_cal_table_array[$first].$padding_data;

            $rstemp=$left_chr ^ $cal;

        } else {

            $rstemp=substr($rstemp,1);

        }

        $j--;

    }

    $codewords=array_merge($codewords,unpack("C*",$rstemp));

    $rs_block_number++;

}

/* ---- flash matrix */

$i=0;

while ($i<$max_modules_1side){

    $j=0;

    while ($j<$max_modules_1side){

        $matrix_content[$j][$i]=0;

        $j++;

    }

    $i++;

}

/* --- attach data */

$i=0;

while ($i<$max_codewords){

    $codeword_i=$codewords[$i];

    $j=8;

    while ($j>=1){

        $codeword_bits_number=($i << 3) +  $j;

        $matrix_content[ $matrix_x_array[$codeword_bits_number] ][ $matrix_y_array[$codeword_bits_number] ]=((255*($codeword_i & 1)) ^ $mask_array[$codeword_bits_number] ); 

        $codeword_i= $codeword_i >> 1;

        $j--;

    }

    $i++;

}

$matrix_remain=$matrix_remain_bit[$qrcode_version];

while ($matrix_remain){

    $remain_bit_temp = $matrix_remain + ( $max_codewords <<3);

    $matrix_content[ $matrix_x_array[$remain_bit_temp] ][ $matrix_y_array[$remain_bit_temp] ]  =  ( 255 ^ $mask_array[$remain_bit_temp] );

    $matrix_remain--;

}

#--- mask select

$min_demerit_score=0;

    $hor_master="";

    $ver_master="";

    $k=0;

    while($k<$max_modules_1side){

        $l=0;

        while($l<$max_modules_1side){

            $hor_master=$hor_master.chr($matrix_content[$l][$k]);

            $ver_master=$ver_master.chr($matrix_content[$k][$l]);

            $l++;

        }

        $k++;

    }

$i=0;

$all_matrix=$max_modules_1side * $max_modules_1side; 

while ($i<8){

    $demerit_n1=0;

    $ptn_temp=array();

    $bit= 1<< $i;

    $bit_r=(~$bit)&255;

    $bit_mask=str_repeat(chr($bit),$all_matrix);

    $hor = $hor_master & $bit_mask;

    $ver = $ver_master & $bit_mask;

    $ver_shift1=$ver.str_repeat(chr(170),$max_modules_1side);

    $ver_shift2=str_repeat(chr(170),$max_modules_1side).$ver;

    $ver_shift1_0=$ver.str_repeat(chr(0),$max_modules_1side);

    $ver_shift2_0=str_repeat(chr(0),$max_modules_1side).$ver;

    $ver_or=chunk_split(~($ver_shift1 | $ver_shift2),$max_modules_1side,chr(170));

    $ver_and=chunk_split(~($ver_shift1_0 & $ver_shift2_0),$max_modules_1side,chr(170));

    $hor=chunk_split(~$hor,$max_modules_1side,chr(170));

    $ver=chunk_split(~$ver,$max_modules_1side,chr(170));

    $hor=$hor.chr(170).$ver;

    $n1_search="/".str_repeat(chr(255),5)."+|".str_repeat(chr($bit_r),5)."+/";

    $n3_search=chr($bit_r).chr(255).chr($bit_r).chr($bit_r).chr($bit_r).chr(255).chr($bit_r);

   $demerit_n3=substr_count($hor,$n3_search)*40;

   $demerit_n4=floor(abs(( (100* (substr_count($ver,chr($bit_r))/($byte_num)) )-50)/5))*10;

   $n2_search1="/".chr($bit_r).chr($bit_r)."+/";

   $n2_search2="/".chr(255).chr(255)."+/";

   $demerit_n2=0;

   preg_match_all($n2_search1,$ver_and,$ptn_temp);

   foreach($ptn_temp[0] as $str_temp){

       $demerit_n2+=(strlen($str_temp)-1);

   }

   $ptn_temp=array();

   preg_match_all($n2_search2,$ver_or,$ptn_temp);

   foreach($ptn_temp[0] as $str_temp){

       $demerit_n2+=(strlen($str_temp)-1);

   }

   $demerit_n2*=3;

  

   $ptn_temp=array();

   preg_match_all($n1_search,$hor,$ptn_temp);

   foreach($ptn_temp[0] as $str_temp){

       $demerit_n1+=(strlen($str_temp)-2);

   }

   $demerit_score=$demerit_n1+$demerit_n2+$demerit_n3+$demerit_n4;

   if ($demerit_score<=$min_demerit_score || $i==0){

        $mask_number=$i;

        $min_demerit_score=$demerit_score;

   }

$i++;

}

$mask_content=1 << $mask_number;

# --- format information

$format_information_value=(($ec << 3) | $mask_number);

$format_information_array=array("101010000010010","101000100100101",

"101111001111100","101101101001011","100010111111001","100000011001110",

"100111110010111","100101010100000","111011111000100","111001011110011",

"111110110101010","111100010011101","110011000101111","110001100011000",

"110110001000001","110100101110110","001011010001001","001001110111110",

"001110011100111","001100111010000","000011101100010","000001001010101",

"000110100001100","000100000111011","011010101011111","011000001101000",

"011111100110001","011101000000110","010010010110100","010000110000011",

"010111011011010","010101111101101");

$i=0;

while ($i<15){

    $content=substr($format_information_array[$format_information_value],$i,1);

    $matrix_content[$format_information_x1[$i]][$format_information_y1[$i]]=$content * 255;

    $matrix_content[$format_information_x2[$i+1]][$format_information_y2[$i+1]]=$content * 255;

    $i++;

}

$mib=$max_modules_1side+8;

$qrcode_image_size=$mib*$qrcode_module_size;

if ($qrcode_image_size>1480){

  trigger_error("QRcode : Too large image size",E_USER_ERROR);

}

$output_image =ImageCreate($qrcode_image_size,$qrcode_image_size);

$image_path=$image_path."/qrv".$qrcode_version.".png";

$base_image=ImageCreateFromPNG($image_path);

$col[1]=ImageColorAllocate($base_image,0,0,0);

$col[0]=ImageColorAllocate($base_image,255,255,255);

$i=4;

$mxe=4+$max_modules_1side;

$ii=0;

while ($i<$mxe){

    $j=4;

    $jj=0;

    while ($j<$mxe){

        if ($matrix_content[$ii][$jj] & $mask_content){

            ImageSetPixel($base_image,$i,$j,$col[1]); 

        }

        $j++;

        $jj++;

    }

    $i++;

    $ii++;

}

/*

#--- output image

#

*/

Header("Content-type: image/".$qrcode_image_type);

ImageCopyResized($output_image,$base_image,0,0,0,0,$qrcode_image_size,$qrcode_image_size,$mib,$mib);

if ($qrcode_image_type == "jpeg"){

    ImageJpeg($output_image);

} else {

    ImagePng($output_image);

}

?>